Language Learning Strategies

In the course of the most recent couple of decades, ‘college of self-education’ has expected more significance than the ‘college of education.’ That is to state, an observable change has occurred, with respect to language learning. The accentuation is more on students and learning than instructors and educating. The arrangement of language instruction has experienced transformative changes. The attention is on the student. The student focused educational plan and the student centeredness with respect to language training are the ideas practically speaking at this point. Numerous papers/articles have showed up underscoring the above move. The utilization of language learning techniques (in second and unknown dialect (LLS) in second and unknown dialect (L2/FL) for learning and educating have become some portion of the language syllabi.Defining of Language Learning Strategies:â€Å"Weinstein and Mayer (1986) characterized learning systems (LS) comprehensively as â€Å"behaviors and musings that a student takes part in during learning† which are â€Å"intended to impact the student's encoding process† (p. 315) Later Mayer (1988) all the more explicitly characterized LS as â€Å"behaviors of a student that are expected to impact how the student forms information† (p. 11).Human creatures have the intrinsic inclination to process the language and realizing which in actuality implies handling of the data. Learning abilities are the indivisible piece of the learning procedure, whatever be the substance or setting. Learning abilities are put to use in all subjectsâ€like Mathematics, History, Geography, Language and so on. Learning condition shift, it tends to be casual just as study hall setting.As for L2/FL educationâ€it has been characterized by Tarone (1983) as â€Å"an endeavor to create phonetic and sociolinguistic skill in the objective language †to join these into one's bury language competence† (p. 67). Tarone, E. (1983).The prior spotlight was on the semantic or sociolinguistic skill. It has logically changed and the current accentuation is on forms and the qualities of LLS. One point unexpectedly. LLS are unmistakable from learning styles. Learning styles predominantly worry to intrinsic, characteristic and picked methods of noticing, retaining and handling the obtained data and aptitudes. There exists, be that as it may, a particular connection between one’s own style of learning the language and the language learning techniques received by one.Good language student/High Proficient students:The ways or taking in a language changes from individual to individual. The choicest method to become familiar with a language can not be singled out. The most ideal approach to get the language originates from inside. You want to gain proficiency with a specific language and thusly you are drenched in the related exercises that help the reason. Understand books, watch films, coo perate with individuals who communicate in that language, study the related articles in the magazines. In the event that you develop a companion hover in your preferred language, you get the language rapidly. You need not give exceptional consideration to the language structure at the underlying stages. Join a mentored course and own a self-study package.Tutored learning is the normally acknowledged mode to learn and get ability in a language. The accomplished instructor in a study hall, who has taken care of many understudies before, knows their underlying issues and the related arrangements can give inspiration to the language students. Language learning need not be a genuine and tense exercise. On the off chance that you travel and visit the nation of the focused on language, your language related inquiries and issues get a programmed arrangement. Over the period, you find that you have gotten the language.Foreign language learning strategies:Research made to locate the best stra tegy to instruct a language is voluminous. The important responses to this issue originated from the students themselves. It was discovered that tried techniques assume a compelling job in the territory of language learning. Of the considerable number of techniques the ones arranged by Oxford (1990) gave a framework and strength to the entire procedure. Oxford saw learning methodologies as â€Å"specific activities taken by the student to make inclining simpler, quicker, progressively pleasant, increasingly self coordinated, progressively successful, and progressively transferable to new situations† (p.8). The methodologies are separated in to two categories:Direct Strategies: They are additionally grouped into a) Memory systems b) Cognitive procedures c) Compensation strategies.Indirect Strategies: These are additionally characterized into a) Metacognitive Studies b) Affective Strategies c) Social Strategies(Oxford, 1990, p 16)Memory techniques are, I) making mental pictures , ii) applying pictures and sounds, iii) assessing well.Cognitive methodologies are,  i) rehearsing, ii) dissecting and thinking iii) making structure for info and output.Compensation procedures are, I) speculating shrewdly, ii) conquering constraints in talking and writing.As for Indirect Strategies,Metacognitive methodologies are, I) focusing your learning, ii) orchestrating and arranging your learning iii) assessing your learning.Affective systems are, I) bringing down your nervousness, ii) empowering yourself, iii) taking your passionate temperature.Social procedures are, I) posing inquiries, ii) co-working with others, iii) feeling for other people. (Oxford, 1990, p 17).Factors influencing the Choice of Learning Strategies:Many factors impact the determination of procedures utilized by the understudies learning a subsequent language. The most significant factor is inspiration. A profoundly energetic understudy is not quite the same as the less propelled one. In the event that one has a specific and solid purpose behind learning the language, one gets the language quick. Now and then, profession plans are connected to the language. In such cases, one is relied upon to gain proficiency with a language inside the predefined period. Females utilize such methodology in a more prominent degree than the male partners. Remembrance is identified with social foundation. Asian understudies indicated further extent of aptitude here. Mentalities and convictions assume the prevailing job. The negative mentalities don't support the reason. The uplifting perspectives have a significant impact. The sort of assignment helps with deciding the procedure utilized to do it. With respect to the age, the more established and further developed understudies utilize various procedures. Learning style is likewise one of the significant elements in the choice of the procedure. Resilience of equivocalness is straightforwardly identified with the determination of the methodology. (La nguage†¦..)Proficiency and language learning strategies:The number of English language students is rising consistently. Unique intercessions for underachieves are along these lines vital. Various methodologies are gone after for encouraging scholastics to understudies to whom English is a subsequent language. It is no standard errand to encourage an understudy in a language where he has no authority. Bunches of data is currently accessible with respect to understudies hailing from various social/semantic foundations. Right off the bat, the customary friend helped Learning Strategies to upgrade understudy effectiveness in English are compelling. Such a methodology has demonstrated positive outcomes on the perusing achievement.Another intercession is Bilingual Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition program. This was gainful for the Spanish-talking understudies. In this intercession the emphasis is on composing, perusing in both Spanish and English language exercises. The understudies are isolated into little co-usable students gatherings. Another innovation is Instructional Conversations and Literature Logs. The objective here is to upgrade the understanding capacity and furthermore English language capability. Significance is given to little gathering conversations. The instructors  act as facilitators for the gathering, while the gathering of understudies is occupied with recounting stories, relate individual encounters which are helpfulâ in seeing one another, keep subjects and ideas, composing autonomously short notes according to the composing prompts.Answer questions identified with stories and so on. The activities have high possible impacts on the Language students and they add to quick improvement of the English language aptitudes. They additionally help the relational abilities. â€Å"The Vocabulary Improvement Program for English Language Learners and Their Classmates (VIP) is a jargon advancement educational plan for English languag e students and local English speakers (grades 4-6). The 15-week program incorporates 30 brief entire class and little gathering exercises, which plan to expand understudies' comprehension of target jargon words remembered for a week by week perusing assignment.†(What works†¦) Many all the more such intercessions are utilized and language learning systems followed for capability in English language.Why are LLS significant for L2?â€Å"Within ‘communicative' ways to deal with language encouraging a key objective is for the student to create open fitness in the objective L2/FL, and LLS can help understudies in doing so.† The significance of correspondence methodologies is a basic factor of vital skill. Correspondence expertise and language learning methodologies vary in substance. The speakers put forth a purposeful and cognizant attempt to convey in a L2/FL.All systems that L2/FL students use in the language which they plan to learn are secured under LLS. LLS a re fundamental for learning the language since they are simply the correct instruments started dynamic association, which is essential for improving informative skills.Conclusion:During the most recent couple of decades, numerous progressions have happened identifying with teacher’s proficient learning and therefore they have impacted and influenced the showing strategies/norms for the understudies. Figures have impacted the instructing and considering design a lot. One can see viable utilization of innovation in all zones. The example of community oriented movement between the educators and the understudies has likewise experienced noticeable changes and such improves are. They have assisted with making uncommon level

Theoretical Analysis - The 21st Centy Organization Assignment

Hypothetical Analysis - The 21st Centy Organization - Assignment Example The three articles: Why Few Organizations Adopt Systems Thinking by Ackoff; How to be a really worldwide organization by Prahalad and Bhattacharya; and Putting Organizational Complexity in Its Place by Birkinshaw and Heywood, are exceptionally applicable as they give an immense knowledge into the variables that are affecting associations in the 21st century. Three perusing that are intriguing Ackoff (2005) in his article is particular in its way of thinking that framework believing is essential element of authoritative achievement or its disappointment when it isn't a piece of hierarchical system. As indicated by him, there is an unmistakable absence of dynamic that considers the changing condition and authoritative management’s readiness to gain from its disappointment or wrong choices. These are significant components on the grounds that hierarchical culture doesn't permit disappointments along these lines confining imagination inside association as well as neglecting to fac e challenge that could furnish the associations with upper hand. It is significant that one faces the challenges and submits botches and gains from it. Framework thinking comprehensively supports mindful dynamic and permits its workforce to fail so as to settle on a fruitful choice next time. In the contemporary condition of serious business, new moves should be confronted with poise and as new chances of development. Prahalad and Bhattacharya (2011) have given significant pieces of information to turn into a worldwide organization with progress. They underline that hierarchical rebuilding extraordinarily assists with instilling trust in the partners over the globe. Fulfilling nearby needs through customization of items and utilizing neighborhood assets is significant for business to pick up the trust of the nearby individuals where they are working together. McDonalds’ has modified its items to suit nearby necessity over its worldwide outlets. Abusing neighborhood gifts and social skills become the feature of really worldwide organizations which blossom with worldwide serious organizations. Globalization has given a major push to industrialization and improvement through extension of business across geological limits. In globalization, between reliance of assets has become a reality. Along these lines, adaptable methodology and acting nearby with worldwide vision furnishes the people and associations with more prominent influence to contend and pick up influence. Birkinshaw and Heywood (2010) have raised appropriate issues of hierarchical complexities inside and outside its workplaces across various geological zones which develop because of changing elements of business condition in the 21st century. The obsolete business forms, equivocalness in jobs, clashing belief systems of pluralistic workforce and so on are essential impediments that ruin development. The institutional complexities and individual complexities should be tended to and overseen viab ly for higher beneficial result. Institutional complexities are significant issues which extensively sway employees’ execution. The complexities like job vagueness, distinguishing hindrances like poor procedures, item arrangement with current interest and so forth should be tended to and re-imagined to oblige changing inclinations of the

English Language Essay Writing - Getting Your Essay Published

English Language Essay Writing - Getting Your Essay PublishedWhen it comes to English language essay writing, the formality is every bit as important as the quality. You will not be a success in this endeavor if you do not take the time to plan your writing ahead of time. All you have to do is follow a few guidelines and you will be well on your way to a more successful essay. Of course, if you want to make it really easy for yourself, you can always hire an editor, but you might think twice about that if you are already under a deadline.When you begin to write an essay, the first thing you need to do is to get your assignment ready. Before you even start thinking about how to begin to write your essay, you need to know exactly what it is you will be writing about. If you are writing a test or dissertation based essay, you will probably be doing something that will require you to engage in rigorous research, or perhaps a summary of some information.It is important to know how to form ulate a good question for your English language essay. A question should start with an introduction and then proceed to what the essay will actually cover. This is also a good place to use opening and closing statements. After you have provided a good question, the essay will be a lot easier to write because you will know exactly what you are writing about.When you are doing a research-based essay, such as one that is required for a student's area of study, you will probably be doing some research by hand. The best way to gather the information that you will need is to collect the data yourself and then be able to review it after it has been reviewed by the professor.Do not worry too much about the grammar when you are writing an essay. In fact, it is usually a good idea to have your prose checked before you actually begin writing it. There are plenty of essay checkers available online. A simple search will reveal a whole lot of information.Your English language essay will not be co mpleted until you have researched it thoroughly and made sure that your facts are correct. This is often the most difficult part of the process because you will be very surprised at what is true and what is not. If you are going to hire someone to do this for you, be sure to inform him or her that you are a fresh writer who has not written anything of substance in years.When you are writing an English language essay that is related to a particular field of study, you may need to spend a good deal of time doing research. There is not as much need to spend too much time here, because most of your research should come from existing sources. If you are doing an internship in this field, you will not have much trouble finding resources that will help you.Finally, remember that the purpose of writing an essay is to make it easy for you, not for your professor to see how well you know the subject matter, so do not hesitate to follow these tips to ensure that you write a good essay that is not just filled with useless information. Good luck!

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Shakespeares Macbeth - Deep Darkness Essay example

Macbeths Deep Darkness In Shakespeares tragedy Macbeth there is a dark aspect which hangs over most scenes in the play. Let us examine this quality in this essay. In Macbeth as the Imitation of an Action Francis Fergusson states the place of darkness in the action of the play: It is the phrase to outrun the pauser, reason [2.3], which seems to me to describe the action, or motive, of the play as a whole. Macbeth, of course, literally means that his love for Duncan was so strong and so swift that it got ahead of his reason, which would have counseled a pause. But in the same way we have seen his greed and ambition outrun his reason when he committed the murder; and in the same way all of the characters,†¦show more content†¦Ks performance of that part, the painful anxiety about the act, the natural longing to prevent it while it yet seems unperpetrated, the too close pressing semblance of reality,give a pain and an uneasiness [. . .]. (134) Roger Warren states in Shakespeare Survey 30 , regarding Trervor Nunns direction of Macbeth at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1974-75, how the witches represented the darkness of black magic: Much of the approach and detail was carried over, particularly the clash between religious purity and black magic. Purity was embodied by Duncan, very infirm (in 1974 he was blind), dressed in white and accompanied by church organ music, set against the black magic of the witches, who even chanted Double, double to the Dies Irae. (283) The Tragedy of Macbeth opens in a desert place with thunder and lightning (typical accompaniment to darkness) and three witches, somber and dark in appearance, who are anticipating their meeting with Macbeth, There to meet with Macbeth. They all say together the mysterious and contradictory Fair is foul, and foul is fair. When the Norweyan forces are vanquished, Duncan bids Ross to greet Macbeth with his new title of Thane of Cawdor. Before this happens, however, Macbeth is greeted by theShow MoreRelated Darkness Imagery In Macbeth Essays909 Words   |  4 Pages Darkness Imagery in William Shakespeares Macbeth nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ambition and evil are the basic elements in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Macbeth is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare in the Elizabethan Era. There was much use of Raphael Holinshed’s Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland as it was necessary for creating the environments and situations in the play. Macbeth takes place mainly in Scotland and is a play about an ambitious thane, named Macbeth, and hisRead MoreLight, Darkness, and the Great Chain of Being Depicted in Shakespeares Macbeth701 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth Essay William Shakespeares Macbeth is an ominous tale that illustrates the danger in violating the Great Chain of Being, the hierarchy of things in Gods ordered universe. The Chain ranked all of creation and human society as well. It ranked kings above nobles and nobles above the poor. When Macbeth murdered King Duncan and assumed the throne, the Chain was violated and chaos resulted. The atmosphere of the play symbolized this resulting turmoil. Specifically, light and darkness were usedRead MoreEssay about Macbeth1001 Words   |  5 Pagesexpresses the many themes of Shakespeare’s ‘Macbeth’? The first time we hear the statement is very early in the play when the witches say the exact line quot;Fair is foul, and foul is fairquot; only for Macbeth himself to repeat it very closely two scenes later. This repetition of the lines shows me that the characters themselves believe that there are many foul events taking place. In this essay I will endeavour to prove that the above statement doesn’t express ‘Macbeth’ thoroughly. Firstly IRead More Supernatural in Shakespeares Macbeth - Beyond the Fair and Foul1059 Words   |  5 PagesMore to Macbeth than Fair and Foul      Ã‚  Ã‚   The statement Fair is foul, and foul is fair does not thoroughly express the many themes of Shakespeares Macbeth.   The first time this statement occurs is very early in the play, when the witches chant the exact line Fair is foul, and foul is fair(I.i.12) only for Macbeth to repeat it himself two scenes later.   This repetition of the lines shows that the characters themselves believe that there are many foul events taking place.   Firstly, one canRead More Imagery In Macbeth Essay example1406 Words   |  6 Pages Response to â€Å"Macbeth† 2. How does Shakespeare’s use of imagery and recurring symbols add depth and meaning to the plot and characters in the play? In all of Shakespeares plays he uses many forms of imagery. Imagery is the art of making images, the products of imagination. In the play Macbeth Shakespeare applies the imagery of clothing, darkness and blood. Each detail is his imagery, seems to contain an important symbol of the play, symbols that the audience must understand if they are to interpretRead MoreMacbeth’s Greed for Power Leads to his Inevitable Fate930 Words   |  4 Pages In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the audience watches as Macbeth, a noble thane of Scotland, kills the King in his greed for power and eventually fate repays him with a horrible and violent downfall. The readers can see how Shakespeare uses the certain imagery to amplify his theme of how one’s drive and need for power leading to corruption. One can see this with Shakespeares use dark in the play, his use of blood, and finally through his use of unnatural elements and beings. The readers see throughoutRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare899 Words   |  4 PagesWhat makes a once â€Å"brave friend† (1.2.6) â€Å"something wicked†? (4.1.45) In Shakespeare’s Tragedy of Macbeth, the answer to this question is played out. At the beginning of the play, the main character, Macbeth, is deemed â€Å"valiant† (1.2.24) and â€Å"noble† (1.2.68); however, after his encounter with the witches, his dark side starts to bubble up. As such, the Weird Sisters symbolize the ubiquitous evil that is in the world and present the theme man’s susceptibility to temptation. While the witches do playRead MoreEssay about William Blake ´s Pity based on Shakespeare ´s Macbeth816 Words   |  4 Pagespainting relates more to the characteristics of renaissance style drawing. Sense the woman figure lying down does not appear in Macbeth’s simile on Pity, the woman figure lying down creates difficulties for commenta tors who draw conclusions on Shakespeare’s text in their interpretations of Blakes painting. By exploring the influences of Blake’s own visual and verbal imagination of which he acquires from Macbeth’s lines, we find the sources of the confusion that reveal the true meaning of Pity. TheRead MoreDarkness Imagery In Macbeth Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeares Macbeth. Macbeth is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare in the Elizabethan Era. There was much use of Raphael Holinsheds Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland as it was necessary for creating the environments and situations in the play. Macbeth takes place mainly in Scotland and is a play about an ambitious thane, named Macbeth, and his wife whose flaws lead to their demise. Since Macbeth is a tragedy, probably nothing else would be as suitable for the play than darkness imageryRead MoreImagery in Macbeth by William Shakespeare1172 Words   |  5 PagesImagery in Macbeth William Shakespeare use of imagery creates a picture in the mind of his audiences that tells a thousand words. In most of his literary work, he shows the importance of imagery, and how authors can manipulate a readers feelings towards a character. In Macbeth, one of Shakespeare’s greatest plays, he shows his very skillfully uses imagery. Macbeth is one of the great tragedy themed plays by William Shakespeare. It’s about three witches that decide to manipulate a Scottish general

Ramayana Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa Essay - 1156 Words

One of the most striking relationships throughout the entire RÄ mÄ yaá ¹â€¡a is that between Indias epic hero RÄ ma and his half-brother Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a. What is interesting about this affair is Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡as pure fidelity toward his brother and all his goals. While RÄ ma is the king on leave throughout most of the Hindu epic, Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a acts more or less as his royal servant and bodyguard of his most prized possession, that being RÄ mas wife, SÄ «tÄ . Interestingly enough, Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a is very much an intelligent being himself, and one who revels in the longevity of his brothers interests and aims. This paper will deal with how these Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a creates himself as the most loyal of companions within the first book of the RÄ mÄ yaá ¹â€¡a. In the BÄ la KÄ Ã¡ ¹â€¡Ã¡ ¸ a, VÄ lmÄ «ki sets†¦show more content†¦A common ideology of fraternity develops, and even more so when RÄ ma entrusts his own dear wife with L aká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a while he seeks out the monkeys. However, this is neither here nor there, as this paper centers on the developing relationship in the first book of the BÄ la KÄ Ã¡ ¹â€¡Ã¡ ¸ a. Since we know of Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡as evident devoutness to RÄ ma, there is also a word to say regarding Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a as a sort of errand boy. Was his sole purpose in the ancient epic just to bid the successful completions of not only RÄ mas irksome tasks, as G.S. Ghurye put it, but also that of the sage ViÅ›vÄ mitra in the beginning chapters of the BÄ la KÄ Ã¡ ¹â€¡Ã¡ ¸ a? For the text reads: After the necessary preliminary purification, RÄ ma received the divine mysteries from the sage; and immediately he shone with a new brilliance. The three spent that night on the bank of the holy river SarayÃ… «, and RÄ ma and Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a rendered the sage all the personal service that a disciple is expected to render the preceptor. Although the text reads here that both brothers provide ViÅ›vÄ mitra with personal service, the reader can gather from careful introspection that Laká ¹ £maá ¹â€¡a is serving both his brother and the old and wise sage.Show MoreRelatedRamayana Analysis Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pagesthe religious duty of one man and the purity of a woman. In the Ramayana of Valmiki†Ã‚  , Rama and Sita are portrayed as individuals with ideal characteristics and ethical behavior in the view of the Indian culture. Rama is considered a reincarnation of divinity and a man of solemn duty; Sita is the symbol of obedience and chastity. The moral elements of each character are presented through many difficult challenges that test both Rama and Sita. The actions and decisions of both characters through theRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Ramayana1088 Words   |  5 Pagestwo ancient classics, we see a clear display of an abuse of power. In both The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Ramayana, we fi nd protagonists who commit deeds of treachery in the name of slaying a monster. These slayings seem justified at first; however, as we examine them further we find that they are no more than heinous acts in the name of asserting power over the other. Both Gilgamesh and Rama kill monsters in the name of supporting what they believe in, but their beliefs are not always justified.Read MoreThe Ramayana Of Valmiki And Sita Sings The Blues1780 Words   |  8 PagesThe Ramayana of Valmiki and Sita Sings the Blues The epic story of Rama and Sita, as portrayed by Valmiki’s Ramayana and the modern day film Sita sings the Blues are two different versions of the same story which contain several contrasts as well as similarities. The Ramayana is the ancient version which was written by a sage named Valmiki in 550 B.C.E, featuring a love story between an ideal prince and an ideal woman. It outlines the adventures of Rama in his journey to find his abducted wife SitaRead MoreKrishna and Rama as exemplars of Dharma Essay examples2581 Words   |  11 Pagesand hereafter by means of appropriate actions†. (Khan, Benjamin. The Concept of Dharma in Valmiki) Rama and Krishna have been set as perfect exemplars of Dharma in the texts of Ramayana and Mahabharata respectively. They are considered to be the reincarnations of God Visnu, a Supreme Being, and supposedly lived their lives according to the Dharmic (or right) way of life. However, the stories of Rama and Krishna in the texts include som e of their actions, which are questionable to the act of DharmaRead MoreGilgamesh and Ramayana1559 Words   |  7 Pagestradition. Though it is unrealistic to believe that these men truly fought against divine beings, their stories played a role in the ancient world, which was the beginning of the formation of society and civilization. The epics of â€Å"Gilgamesh† and â€Å"The Ramayana of Valmiki† both served their societies as an outline of a moral code, defined the role of a hero, and instilled the belief of the fallibility of man, no matter how great. One of the defining characteristics of a society is the possession of rulesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Of Sakuntala From The Mahabharata And Kalidasa s Abhijnanasakuntalam ) And The Ramayana1892 Words   |  8 Pagesand Kalidasa’s Abhijnanasakuntalam) and the Ramayana, both canonical texts in their own right, vary greatly in structure, substance, and length, but a closer examination reveals that both have some common, or at least similar themes and motifs, particularly with respect to attitudes towards women and the literal rejection of the female protagonist. It might be noteworthy that the distance in time between the texts is not negligible- while the Ramayana started to take shape between 2nd century BCERead MoreThe Great Epics And Tales1605 Words   |  7 Pagesresult of centuries of acceptance and ignorance. Particularly in this society Sexism takes its roots from mythology and ancient tales of the kings and the queens. The two of the most powerful mythological tal es of all time, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, aid in the heightened levels of sexism. When I was a kid, Amar Chitra Katha was my only source of mythological knowledge except some short and inspiring stories by my grandmother. I never looked at these tales from a point of view as differentRead MoreThe Ramayana Is Not Just A Story5045 Words   |  21 Pages  The Ramayana is a Sanskrit epic poem ascribed to the Hindu sage and Sanskrit poet Valmiki. The Ramayana also plays an important role in Hindu literature . It depicts the duties of relationships, portraying ideal characters like the ideal father, the ideal servant, the ideal brother, the ideal wife, and the ideal king. The name Ramayana is a tatpurusha compound of and , translating to Rama s Journey. The Ramayana consists of 24,000 verses in seven books and 500 cantos, and tells the storyRead MoreCrime4723 Words   |  19 Pages12.Any suggestions, comments? The Ramayana has enchanted generations of Indians, and this ancient epic continues to fascinate modern readers. Through the centuries it has been retold in the major language of India and Southwest Asia and has been interpreted through theater, dance, and other performance traditions. Valmiki’s telling, written in Sanskrit, is the oldest extant version of the Rama story. In Valmiki’s account, King Dasaratha proclaims his son Rama, son of the senior Queen Kausalya, heirRead MoreParable of the Burning House5191 Words   |  21 Pages 6) Parasurama –Rama with an axe Parasu – axe – Brahmin Jamadagni – father-hermit Kamadhenu – wish cow Karthavirya – kshatriya king 21 battles 7) Rama ( Ramachandra) Ramayana (200 BCE-200 BC) Ramayana – 24,000 stanzas Main plot : Ravana 10 headed demon of sri lanka, by austerities (tapas) gained a boom from Brahma and Shiva and could not be killed by Gods or demons * He bgan persecuting the Gods(devas) – Vishnu * -agreed to be born a man * Rama and lashmana sita (Lakshmi)

Tom Jones free essay sample

Would it be correct to say that in Tom Jones, Fielding considers marriage to be a mere socio- economic arrangements under which women feel continuously suppressed? Discuss. The true history of the English countryside has been centred throughout in the problems of property in land, and in the consequent social and working relationships. By the eighteenth century, nearly half of the cultivated land was owned by some five thousand families. As a central form of this predominance, four hundred families, in a population of some seven or eight million people, owned nearly a quarter of the cultivated land. In a society stressing male dominance, it is surprising to find an author who writes his female characters as more intelligent than and even superior to his male characters. Henry Fielding demonstrates this respect for his female characters in his 18th century classic, Tom Jones, as well as in other works, like his novel, Amelia. We can see that the gender history is closely linked with the women’s history. Until then, the history was based on a male point of view; men dominated both the public and private life. But with the emergence of gender, women’s history is important for her emancipation. In general, texts argued that men and women were naturally different. Authors said that women were of a lower status and tried to mould them into an idealized shape (modest, pious, and domestic). This perception has been accentuated during the 18th century and women were confined to a private sphere. The majority of the studies centred primarily on women and femininity. We can see that the sexes were not rigidly defined and that gender affected men’s and women’s lives more than we had thought until then. Many authors talk of separate spheres; men were naturally suited to the public sphere of work and politics, as women were naturally suited to the private sphere of the home and the family. In Tom Jones, we cannot find many relevant occurrences of the separate spheres; the only character who could enter this idea is Mrs Western. She seems to partake in the public sphere but that makes her not feminine anymore. Fielding often shows that the place of the women is at home. This construction of separate spheres was a motor for the class formation. The middle class even made this central to their class identity. But some historians had doubts about this rigid separation. They thought that the different spheres were permeable and fluid in the 18th century. But even if people could create their own individuality, they were all subject to gendered social rules and obligations, like class, age, occupation and religion. During the 17th century, women played an active role in the family workshop. But under the more commercial system of economic organization which was developing in the 17th century, men became journeymen and day labourers and women lost their role as members of the trades through marriage and also their prime source of both training and employment. Conception of women as an intellectual empty ornament: husband considered as the head of the woman. Duty of the wife is to obey her husband. Woman’s ornamental status wasn’t established only because of her economic uselessness: was also determined by her cultural construction as an accessory to masculine desire. Throughout Tom Jones by Henry Fielding, there are many examples of marriage. There is Squire Westerns marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Fitzpatricks marriage, the mentions of Allworthys wife, the marriage of Nightengale and Nancy, and the marriage of Nightengales cousin and the clergyman, and finally the marriage of Tom and Sophia. Some of these marriages end with a happy ending and some do not and we, the reader, are supposed to look at these marriages and see why they went wrong or why they are good. Through all these examples of marriage, Fielding is urging us to question the current institution of marriage and what it is based on. The plot of Tom Jones is based on the desire to link by marriage the two largest estates in Somersetshire: the proposed marriage of Sophia Western to Blifil is conceived for this end; her marriage to Tom Jones, when he is eventually revealed as Allworthy’s true heir, achieves what had formerly, for personal reasons, been rejected. Throughout Tom Jones, Fielding criticizes the perversion of love by the upper-class, homo-social system of property marriage. The last part of the novel shows a convergence between hero and heroine, after their alienation in the inn at Upton. But the property-marriage plot is complicated by the sexual corruptions of London, which threaten to capture both Tom and Sophia, though in different ways seduction for Tom, force for Sophia. Sophia is both threatened by her father (as before) and in need of his protection against the aristocratic amorality of Lady Bellaston and Lord Fellamar. She gains in stature by becoming much more than just a maiden in distress, but one who can manipulate too, in the interests of virtue. Lord Fellamar wants sexual possession of Sophia, and also her ? 80,000; Lady Bellaston wants to get rid of a rival for Tom’s services. Lord Fellamar will rape Sophia, then â€Å"make her amends† by marrying her; Fielding finds this code as detestable as the sexual opportunism of Pamela. Even after Fellamar tries and fails, Western’s sister still tries to promote the match. It’s lucky for Sophia that her father’s incidental hatred of Lords protects her from this corruption at least (though not that threatened by Blifil). What we scarcely notice, however, is that under Fielding’s scheme, such reciprocity that is expected between husband and wife is not witnessed between partners in marriage. Instead, we see wives running away from husbands and husbands in hot pursuit of them – they have to get their wives back into the marriage-mould. Bibliography: